Differences between types of COVID-19 tests

The Panhandle Health District, to clear up any confusion, is offering a breakdown of the types of COVID-19 tests that are available.

Molecular: also know as Diagnostic test, viral test, molecular test, nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT), RT-PCR test, LAMP test. Diagnoses active coronavirus infection.

Antigen: Rapid diagnostic test (Some molecular tests are also rapid tests.) Diagnoses active coronavirus infection. Antigen tests are more likely to miss an active coronavirus infection compared to molecular tests. Your health care provider may order a molecular test if your antigen test shows a negative result, but you have symptoms of COVID-19.

Antibody: Serological test, serology, blood test, serology test. This test shows if you’ve been infected by coronavirus in the past.

Although antigen tests are faster and cheaper than laboratory PCR tests, they are not as sensitive. Idaho considers positives on antigen tests to be probable, not confirmed, COVID-19 cases. If an individual is experiencing symptoms and has a negative antigen test, it is recommended that they follow-up with a PCR test.

“Testing within the first four days of an individual experiencing symptoms will provide the most accurate test result,” said Karen Yao, epidemiologist at Panhandle Health District. “An individual should opt for a PCR test if they missed that testing window for an antigen test.”

For testing in your area, check get-tested-covid19.org. PHD advises individuals to contact their primary care provider to inquire about testing. If someone does not have insurance and does not have a primary care provider, call PHD’s COVID-19 hotline to be assessed for a test at 877-415-5225.