More factory jobs ease economic pain
WASHINGTON - Manufacturing job gains in the Midwest helped lower the nation's economic stress in April to its lowest point in five months, according to The Associated Press' monthly analysis of conditions around the country.
Contributing to the improvement were lower foreclosure rates in two states with beaten-down housing markets: California and Florida.
Economic stress levels dipped in every state except Louisiana and Nevada in April. They also declined in more than 90 percent of the nation's 3,141 counties, according to AP's Economic Stress Index.
Only 42 percent of counties were deemed stressed in April, compared with half in March. The AP's index found the average county's Stress score in April was 10.6, down from 11.5 in March. It was the lowest score since November's rating of 10.2.
The index calculates a score for each county and state from 1 to 100 based on unemployment, foreclosure and bankruptcy rates. A higher score indicates more stress. Under a rough rule of thumb, a county is considered stressed when its score exceeds 11.
A separate report Tuesday showed job openings jumped in April to the highest level in 16 months. It was a sign private employers may be ready to ramp up hiring despite a report Friday suggesting they lacked enough confidence in the recovery to start adding many workers in May.
The number of jobs advertised at the end of April rose to 3.1 million from 2.8 million in March, the Labor Department said. That's the most openings since December 2008. Private employers accounted for the entire net gain.
Job openings have risen since bottoming out at 2.3 million in July. Still, they remain far below pre-recession levels.
The competition for jobs remains tough. Five unemployed people, on average, competed for each job opening in April. That's down from 5.4 in the previous month. But it's well above pre-recession levels of 1.8 jobless workers per opening.
On Monday night, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke raised hopes for the economy when he expressed doubt about the likelihood of a "double dip" recession. Bernanke did caution, though, that the recovery "won't feel terrific."
States with manufacturing bases like Wisconsin are enjoying a slow but steady recovery. Of the roughly 30,000 jobs created in Wisconsin since December, about 10,000 are in manufacturing, said John Koskinen, the state's chief economist.
"The mood is something like, 'Whew,'" Koskinen said. "After sweating the downturn and the decline in employment for so long, to see this turnaround is such a relief."
Wisconsin (10.48), Missouri (10.62) and South Carolina (11.78) saw the most month-over-month economic improvement from March to April.
North Dakota (4.53) again led the nation in economic health, as it has since the AP began publishing the Stress Index in May 2009. It was followed by South Dakota (5.2), Nebraska (6.11), Vermont (7.28) and Louisiana (7.23).
Nevada remained the most economically stressed state. It suffered the biggest increases in foreclosures and unemployment in April. And it absorbed an increase in bankruptcy filings. Nevada had a Stress score of 21.97. It was followed by Michigan (17.06), California (16.56), Florida (15.33) and Arizona (14.71).
Louisiana was the only state besides Nevada to suffer higher stress from March to April. Its unemployment rate was unchanged. But it saw small upticks in foreclosure and bankruptcy rates.
Bankruptcy rates held steady for most of the nation, though they rose month-to-month in several Western states.
Mark Zandi, chief economist for Moody's Analytics, said a tracking tool his forecasting firm uses is also showing an upturn: Nearly two-thirds of metro areas are flashing signs of growth.
"That's the best showing since mid-2008," Zandi said.
But he and other analysts cautioned that the recovery is likely to remain sub-par compared with other expansions after deep recessions.
The government reported Friday that temporary government hiring for the census drove nearly all the U.S. job market's gains last month - a sign that private employers have yet to start hiring aggressively.
The unemployment rate could rise in coming months from the current 9.7 percent as more people enter the labor force. Zandi said he didn't expect the country to recoup the more than 8 million jobs lost during the recession until 2013.
"Given the severity of the job losses during the recession, it will take longer to get back to where we started," Zandi said. "The job market is getting better, but it is not getting better fast enough to make us feel good about what is happening."
David Wyss, chief economist at Standard & Poor's in New York, predicted the economy, as measured by the gross domestic product, will grow 3.3 percent this year. That would be a big improvement from last year's 2.4 percent decline. But it would be only about half-speed compared with other recoveries after severe downturns.
Nevada, the most stressed state, is still hung over from the excesses of the mid-decade real estate boom. The state has a glut of about 10,000 homes. An additional 5,000 could be headed for foreclosure, said Mary Riddel, an economist at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.
Tourism isn't expected to pick up until next year, Riddel said. The construction industry likely won't come back for five more years. And more jobs will be shed during the rest of the year, she said.
Vermont, North Dakota, Minnesota (9.15) and South Carolina have seen the biggest improvement in economic conditions for the year. Nevada, Idaho (12.02), New Mexico (9.57) and Mississippi (12.09) have fared the worst.
Counties of at least 25,000 residents that were the most economically stressed in April were Imperial County, Calif. (32.03); Lyon County, Nev. (28.16); Yuma County, Ariz.(26.4 ); Merced County, Calif. (26.23); and Sutter County, Calif. (25.22).
The economically healthiest were Ward County, N.D. (3.83); Brookings County, S.D. (3.9); Ellis County, Kan. (4.08); Burleigh County, N.D. (4.17); and Ford County, Kan. (4.18).